Saturday, December 28, 2019

Darci Pierce and the Murder of Cindy Ray

Cindy Ray was eight months pregnant when she was abducted and murdered by an obsessed woman who needed a baby at whatever the cost. The Lie Darci Pierce lied to her husband and friends about being pregnant. She stuffed her clothing a little more each month so she would look pregnant. But as the months wore on, Pierce was running out of excuses for why she had not had her baby. Fearing her pregnancy was the major hold she had on her husband and the reason he married her, the 19-year-old Pierce devised a plan to get a baby. Preparation Pierce studied books about Caesarean operations. She bought the instruments she needed to perform the procedure. And finally, she found the woman who would provide the baby. The Crime On July 23, 1987, brandishing a fake gun, Pierce kidnapped eight-month pregnant Cindy Lyn Ray from the parking lot of a clinic at the Kirkland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Ray was returning to her car after having had a prenatal exam inside the clinic. Pierce drove the two to her home where she was set up to perform the Caesarean operation and steal Rays baby girl, but as she approached the house, she saw that her husband was home. She then drove to a secluded area up in the Manzano Mountains. There she strangled Ray with the cord of a fetal monitor which was in Rays purse. She then dragged her behind bushes and ripped at her abdomen with a car key until she could reach the near-term baby. She bit through the umbilical cord, severing the baby from her semi-conscious mother, who she then left to bleed to death. More Lies On her way home Pierce stopped at a car lot and asked to use the phone. Covered with blood, she explained to the employees that she had just had her baby on the side of a highway between there and Santa Fe. An ambulance was called, and Pierce and the baby were taken to the hospital. The attending physicians became suspicious of Pierces story when she refused to be examined. Pressing her further, Pierce changed her story. She told them that a surrogate mother had given birth to the child with the help of a midwife in Santa Fe. The authorities were called, and Pierce was taken into custody. The Truth is Finally Told Reports surfaced that there was a missing pregnant woman from the base. Under the pressure of police interrogation, Pierce admitted to what she had done. She showed detectives where she had left Ray, but it was too late. The 23-year-old Cindy Lyn Ray was dead. Pierce was found guilty-but-mentally-ill of first-degree murder, kidnapping and child abuse and was sentenced to a minimum of 30 years in prison. 1997 - Pierce Seeks a Retrial In April 1997 Pierces new attorney tried to get a new trial on the basis that her previous attorneys failed to follow up on information which could have helped prove Pierce was insane. Had she been found insane instead of guilty-but-mentally-ill she would have been placed in an institution until a judge determined she was sane enough to be released. The bid to overturn her conviction was denied.

Friday, December 20, 2019

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s All the Sad Young Men Essay

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s All the Sad Young Men F. Scott Fitzgerald’s All the Sad Young Men was his sixth book. The work was composed of nine short stories that had been published in magazines such as the Saturday Evening Post over the course of the previous year. The work was Fitzgerald’s third short story collection and followed the Great Gatsby in publication on the 26th of February 1926. To most, this book signaled Fitzgerald’s staying power as many of his seniors had believed that his initial success as a writer was lucky. They did not take Fitzgerald seriously as an author. On the whole, critics valued the work and praised some of the stories as the best Fitzgerald had written to date. The collection of short†¦show more content†¦This work signaled Fitzgerald’s talent outside of the realm of the jazz age. Another one of the stories in the work that met with positive criticism was â€Å"Winter Dreams.† In the New York World, Henry Pringle commented, â€Å"The best story in Mr. Fitzgerald’s latest volume is, in the mind of this reviewer, â€Å"Winter Dreams.†[3] This story is about a caddy who rose to success in the magazine industry after an encounter with a little girl.[4] This work also showed readers an intimate side of Fitzgerald as Judy is likened to Zelda by critics. â€Å"Like Zelda, Judy is the golden girl and the unattainable prize. She is the one who is in control and, ultimately, has the power to hurt Dexter just like Zelda had the capacity to hurt F. Scott.†[5] This work has themes that resonate with Gatsby as Fitzgerald deals with the loss of dreams. Fitzgerald’s stories were liked because the characters were real. Fitzgerald’s characterization techniques and the characters themselves seemed to receive a lot of praise; it is especially important to note that many people who did not like Fitzgerald’s earlier works still positively reviewed the characters from this new book. â€Å"The characters, in the main, are as sordid, selfish and unattractive as theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Tender Is the Night Parallels Fitzgerald’s Life1032 Words   |  5 PagesIs the Night Parallels Fitzgerald’s Life Away! Away! for I will fly to thee, Not charioted by Bacchus and his pards, But on the viewless wings of Poesy Though the dull brain perplexes and retards: Already with thee! Tender is the night†¦ -From â€Å"Ode to a Nightingale† by John Keats Charles Scribner III in his introduction to the work remarks that â€Å"the title evokes the transient, bittersweet, and ultimately tragic nature of Fitzgerald’s ‘Romance’ (as he had originallyRead More Fitzgerald and Short Story Writing Essay1370 Words   |  6 Pageshis more professional career writing short stories. However, Fitzgerald’s short stories are very important to the study of his work. One can observe his development as a writer and see parallels between his stories and his novels. Writing short stories was much more lucrative for Fitzgerald than writing novels, which only brought in a very meager income. For example, in 1929, 8 short stories earned him $30,000, while all profits in this year from his novels only earned him $31.77Read MoreTheme Of Bernice Bobs Her Hair844 Words   |  4 PagesHer Hair†. F. 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Scott Fitzgerald, Amory Blain is portrayed as a protagonist who searches his identity by looking at those people that he admires. However, these people block him from finding his true self. He appears to be more vacuous and relies mostly on his breathtaking handsomeness and his wealth in order to get well with life. The novel begins by describing the family backgroundRead More The Great Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great The Corruptness of the American Dream The nineteen twenties was a decade of renaissance characterized by the American Dream- the widespread aspiration of Americans to live better than their parents. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, contains themes that continue to be relevant today. In his novel, Fitzgerald reprehends the American dream by describing its characteristics: the pseudo-relationship between money and happiness, the superficiality of the rich, and theRead MoreChoosing Security Over Love: The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1122 Words   |  5 Pagestake on a role that is completely asymmetrical and discriminated in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Women in this novel are portrayed as insecure, only wanting the need for awareness, not for the lifetime companion that the stereotypical woman want to pursue. According to the quote from Sylvia Plath exclaiming, â€Å"What a man wants is a mate and what a woman wants is infinite security†, women can often be used as â€Å"toys† to men who are used mostly for pleasure and are taken advantage of, whereasRead MoreGatsbys American Dream Essay1352 Words   |  6 PagesA commonly held tenet among people from all generations is that hard work will ultimately lead to wealth and prosperity. This concept, illustrated in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, is known as the American Dream. Although many have this dream today, it is a one in a million chance to attain it, regardless of whether or not a person is tremendously deserving of such success. James Gatz, later known as Jay Gatsby, is a character who experiences this minute probability of the AmericanRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby2385 Words   |  10 Pagesdon t write because you want to say something, you write because you have something to say, F. Scott Fitzgerald (F. Scott Fitzgerald Quote- Brainy Quote). Not only did he write well written novels and short stories, he wrote them in such a way to inspire and entertain his generation and future generations. F. Scott Fitzgerald was a leading author in America s Jazz age- the twenties. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born on September 24, 1896 in St. Paul, Minnesota. His father, Edward, was

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Critical Thinking and Problem Solving

Question: Discuss about theCritical Thinking and Problem Solving. Answer: Opinion on the Topic Knox and Van Oest (2014) describes that many people have the perception that customers are too demanding if they complain. However, from my experience I can say that if complaints are handled properly, it can be beneficial for the business. I think it is not possible for the managers to identify the faulty products with proper evidence and incidents occurring in the business and hence if customers complaints are welcome, not only the organizations aware of the faulty product but it provide the opportunity forservice recovery and improvements. I also think that listening to customers complaints would improve the inter-personal relationship with the customer, which will be difficult for the competitors to get to the existing customers and hence complaints should be treated like a gold mine for the betterment of the origination. Analysis of the Topic It is depicted from the give case study that the junior colleague is facing a hard time by listening what the customers says. However, I think that the junior colleague has to be trained properly for acknowledging customers complaint and must learn not to take the complaints personally. The person has to understand the whether the raised complaints is genuine and apologize for the inconvenience occurred and resolve the difficulty by offering a couple of alternative options thus follows a inductive reasoning approach. Image 1: Framework for Complaints Management System I strongly believe that all customers complaints are gold mines and their questions have to be handled in caring and concerned manner. The executive has to be put themselves in the same situation and apologize without blaming. If the complaints are not handled according to the framework, I think they will never get back to the organization, which will result in lower profitability for the origination. Reference Lists Knox, G. and Van Oest, R., 2014. Customer complaints and recovery effectiveness: A customer base approach.Journal of Marketing,78(5), pp.42-57. Bibliography Wagner, W., 2013. Managing customer complaints in distribution.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. Yilmaz, C., Varnali, K. and Kasnakoglu, B.T., 2016. How do firms benefit from customer complaints?.Journal of Business Research,69(2), pp.944-955.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Fsk Modulation and Demodulation free essay sample

FSK MODULATION AND DEMODULATION PROGRAM USING MATLAB LIST OF TABLES: CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. 1. 1-INTRODUCTION TO WIRELESS MODEM. 1. 2-INTRODUCTION TO FREQUENCY SHIFT KEYING 1. 2. 1-FSK MODULATOR 1. 2. 2-FSK DEMODULATION CHAPTER 2: COMPONENT DESCRIPTION. 2. 1-LIST OF COMPONENTS 2. 2-DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM 2. 2. 1 IC 555. 2. 2. 2 565 PLL. CHAPTER 3: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND WORKING. 3. 1-CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF FSK MODULATOR USING IC555. 3. 2-CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF FSK DEMODULATOR USING PLL 555 CHAPTER 4: OPERATION OF FSK. 4. 1-OPERATION OF FSK MODULATOR USING IC555. 4. 2-OPERATION OF FSK DEMODUALTOR USING PLL 565. CHAPTER 5: PROGRAMING USING MATLAB. 5. 1-FSK MODULATION USING MATLAB. 5. 2-FSK DEMODULATOR USING MATLAB. CHAPTER 6: OUTPUT WAVEFORMS. 6. 1-OUTPUT OF FSK MODULATOR. 6. 2-OUTPUT OF FSK DEMODULATOR . CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION. 7. 1-CONCLUSION. 7. 2-REFERENCES. List of Figures Fig a: Pin diagram of IC 555 Fig b: Pin diagram of NE 565 Fig c: FSK Modulator using IC 555 Fig d: Fsk Demodulator using NE 565 Fig e: Fsk Output model Fig f: Output waveform of FSK Modulator. Fig g: Output waveform of FSK Demodulator. CHAPTER -1 INTRODUCTION 1. 1: INTRODUCTION TO WIRELESS MODEM: A wireless modem is a type of modem which connects to a wireless network instead of a telephone system. When a mobile Internet user connects using a wireless modem, theyre attached directly to the wireless ISP (Internet Service Provider) and can then access the Internet. Mobile phones, smartphones, and PDAs can be employed as data modems to form a wireless access point connecting a personal computer to the Internet (or some proprietary network). In this use the mobile phone is providing a gateway between the cellular service providers data network technology and Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) spoken by PCs. Almost all current mobile phone models support the Hayes command set, a standard method of controlling modems. To the PC, the phone appears like an external modem when connected via serial cable, USB, IrDA infrared or Bluetooth wireless. Some cellular providers forbid this kind of usage, or charge an extra fee Wireless FireWire, USB and Serial modems are also used in the Wi-Fi and WiMAX standards, operating at microwave frequencies, to give a laptop, PDA or desktop computer an access point to a network. The modems may be as large as a regular cable modem to as small as a WiFi dongle/USB-stick. If combined with VoIP technology, these computing devices can achieve telephone-like capability to make and receive telephone calls. PCMCIA, ExpressCard and Compact Flash modems are also used. These card-modems can also have GPS included. Most early telephone-line modems used audio frequency-shift keying to send and receive data, up to rates of about 1200 bits per second. The common Bell 103 and Bell 202 modems used this technique. [2] Even today, North American caller ID uses 1200 baud AFSK in the form of the Bell 202 standard. Some early microcomputers used a specific form of AFSK modulation, the Kansas City standard, to store data on audio cassettes. AFSK is still widely used in amateur radio, as it allows data transmission through unmodified voiceband equipment. Radio control gear uses FSK, but calls it FM nd PPM instead. The CHU shortwave radio station in Ottawa, Canada broadcasts an exclusive digital time signal encoded using AFSK modulation. 1. 2: INTRODUCTION TO FREQUENCY SHIFT KEYING: Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital information is transmitted through discrete frequency changes of a carrier wave. [1] The simplest FSK is binary FSK (BFSK). BFSK uses a pair of discr ete frequencies to transmit binary (0s and 1s) information. With this scheme, the 1 is called the mark frequency and the 0 is called the space frequency. The time domain of an FSK modulated carrier is illustrated in the figures to the right. | 1. 2. 1: FSK MODULATOR The FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) modulator circuit works by shifting the carrier, a sine wave of a given frequency, to another frequency back and forth as the input signal changes. On the receiving end, the demodulator works by detecting one or both of the frequencies, often with a band-pass filter, regenerating the input signal. You can also use a signal processor to convert the carrier from time domain to frequency domain with a fourier transform, and then pick off the signal that way. The FSK method of modulating/demodulation is typically limited to low frequency signal rates, such as 300 bits per second 1. 2. 2: FSK DEMODULATION: FSK demodulation is the process of recovering the original signal by detecting the frequencies involved in the original modulation. Typically, this is done with a bandpass amplifier tuned to one of the two frequencies, followed by a amplitude demodulator. The output is the original signal. It is possible, though often unecessary, to use two bandpass ampliers, one for each frequency, but this is redundant. It is also possible to use a digital signal processing technique to perform a fourier transform on the input signal, but that can be complex and costly. This is the method used in very early modems, up to around 1200 baud. It is also possible, using FSK, to send multiple signals across one line. Simply pick suitable frequencies for each modulation state, and mix the outputs into one consolidated analog signal. On the other end, you have multiple bandpass filters running at the same time and, as long as the chosen frequencies are appropriately spaced apart, they will not interfere. CHAPTER-2 COMPONENT DESCRIPTION 2. 1: LIST OF COMPONENTS: S. NO NAME OF THE COMPONENT SPECIFICATION QUANTITY 1. IC 555 1 2. SK100 1 3. Resistor 47k ,2,2K,10K,30K,1. 2K, 2,1,4,1,2. 4. Capacitor . 01  µF,1  µF,. 047  µF, 0. 022  µF, . 22 µF. 2,2,1,3,1. 5. PLL 565 1 6. OP-AMP BC 741 1 7. Power supply 2 2. 2: DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM 2. 2. 1 IC 555. The 555 timer is a highly stable device for generating accurate time delay or oscillation. Signetics corporation first introduced this device as the SE555/NE555. A single 555 timer can provide time delay ranging from micro seconds to hours where as counter timer can have a maximum timing range of days. The 555 timer can be used with supply voltage in the range of +5v to +18v and can drive load up to 200mA. It is compatible with both TTL and CMOS logic circuits. Because of the wide range of supply voltage, the 555 timer is versatile and easy to use in various application In the functional diagram for IC 555 timer three 5 kilo ohms internal resistors act as a voltage divider providing bias voltage of (2/3) Vcc to the upper comparator (UC) and these two voltages fix the necessary comparator threshold voltage, they also aid in determining the timing nterval. It is possible to vary time electronically too, by applying a modulation voltage to the control voltage input terminal ( pin 5). In application where no such modulation is intended, it is recommended by manufactures that a capacitor (0. 001 uf) be connected between control voltage terminal ( pin 5) and ground to bypass noise or ripple from the supply. In the stand by (stable) state, the output Q of the control flip-flop (FF) is hig h. This makes the output low because of power amplifier which is basically an inverter. A negative going trigger pulse is applied to pin 2 and should have its DC level greater than the threshold level of the lower comparator (ie. Vcc/3). At the negative going edge of the trigger, as the trigger passes through (Vcc/3), the output of the lower comparator goes high and sets the FF ( Q=1,Q=0). During the positive excursion, when the threshold voltage at pin 6 passes through (2/3)Vcc the output of the upper comparator goes high and resets the FF(Q=0,Q=1). The reset input(pin 4) provides a mechanism to reset the FF in a manner which overrides the effect of any instruction going to FF from lower comparator. This overriding reset is effective when the reset input is less than about 0. 4 V. when this reset is not used , it is returned to Vcc. The transistor Q2 serves as a buffer to isolate the reset input from the FF and transistor Q1. The transistor Q2 is driven by an internal reference voltage Vref obtained from supply voltage Vcc. . 2. 2. 2: 565 PLL: The phase locked loop(PLL) is an important building block of linear systems. The high cost of realizing PLL in discrete form limitied its use earlier. Now with the advanced IC technology, PLLs are available as inexpensive monolithic ICs. This technique for electronic frequency control is used today in satellite communication systems, air borne navigations systems, FM communication systems, computers etc. Characteristics of SE/NE 565 PLL * Operating frequency range: 0. 001Hz to 500 kHz. * Operating voltage range:  ± 6 to  ±12 V. * Input impendance: 10kQ typically. * Output sink current:1mA typically. * Output source current: 10mA typically. * Drift in VCO centre frequency with temperature: 300ppm/ °C typically. * Bandwidth adjustment range:  ±1 to  ± 60% CHAPTER-3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 3. 1: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF FSK MODULATOR USING IC555. . 2: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF FSK DEMODULATOR USING PLL 555 CHAPTER-4 OPERATION 4. 1: OPERATION OF FSK MODULATOR USING IC555. Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital information is transmitted through discrete frequency changes of a carrier wave. [1] The simplest FSK is binary FSK (BFSK). BFSK uses a pair of discrete frequencies to transmit binary ( 0s and 1s) information. With this scheme, the 1 is called the mark frequency and the 0 is called the space frequency. The time domain of an FSK modulated carrier is illustrated in the figures above. . 2: OPERATION OF FSK DEMODUALTOR USING PLL 565. A very useful application of the 565 PLL is as a FSK demodulator. In the 565 PLL the frequency shift is usually accomplished by driving a VCO with the binary data signal so that the two resulting frequencies correspond to the logic 0 and logic 1 states of the binary data signal. The frequencies corresponding to logic 1 and logic 0 states are commonly called the mark and space frequencies. Several standards are used to set the mark and space frequencies. An FSK signal demodulator can be built as illustrated in figure. The demodulator receives a signal at one of the two distinct carrier frequencies, 1,270 Hz or 1,070 Hz representing the RS-232 C logic levels of mark (- 5 V) or space (+ 14 V), respectively. Capacitance coupling is used at the input to remove a dc level. As the signal appears at the input of 565 PLL, the PLL locks to the input frequency and tracks it between the two possible frequencies with a corresponding dc shift at the output. Resistor R1 and capacitor C1 determine the free-running frequency of the VCO. Capacitor C2 is a loop filter capacitor that establishes the dynamic characteristics of the demodulator. Capacitor C2 is chosen smaller than usual one to eliminate overshoot on the output pulse. A three-stage RC ladder filter is employed for removing the sum frequency component from the output. The VCO frequency is adjusted with R1 so that the dc voltage level at the output (pin 7) is the same as that at pin 6. An input at frequency 1,070 Hz drives the demodulator output voltage to a more positive voltage level, driving the digital output to the high level (space or + 14 V). An input at 1,270 Hz correspondingly drives the 565 dc output less positive with the digital output, which then drops to the low level (mark or – 5 V). CHAPTER-5 MATLAB CODING 5. 1: FSK MODULATION USING MATLAB: g=[1 0 1 0 1]; f0=1; f1=2; t=0:2*pi/99:2*pi; cp=[];sp=[]; mod=[];mod1=[];bit=[]; for n=1:length(g) if g(n)==0 die=ones(1,100); c=sin(f0*t); se=zeros(1,100); else g(n)==1 die=ones(1,100); c=sin(f1*t); se=ones(1,100); end cp=[cp die]; mod=[mod c]; bit=[bit se]; end fsk=cp. *mod; subplot(2,1,1); plot(bit,LineWidth,1. 5); grid on; title(Binary Signal); axis([0 100*length(g) -2. 5 2. 5]); subplot(2,1,2); plot(fsk,LineWidth,1. 5); grid on; title(FSK modulation); axis([0 100*length(g) -2. 5 2. 5]); 5. 2: FSK DEMODULATOR USING MATLAB: ormat long; clear all; close all; N = 8; bit_stream = round(rand(1,N)); f1 = 3; f2 = 5; fs = 100; t = 0: 1/fs : 1; time = []; FSK_signal = []; Digital_signal = []; for ii = 1: 1: length(bit_stream) FSK_signal = [FSK_signal (bit_stream(ii)==0)*sin(2*pi*f1*t)+ (bit_stream(ii)==1)*sin(2*pi*f2*t)]; Digital_signal = [Digital_signal (bit_stream(ii)==0)* zeros(1,length(t)) + (bit_stream(ii)==1)*ones(1,length(t ))]; time = [time t]; t = t + 1; end subplot(2,1,1); plot(time,FSK_signal); xlabel(Time (bit period)); ylabel(Amplitude); title(FSK Signal with two Frequencies); axis([0 time(end) -1. 1. 5]); grid on; subplot(2,1,2); plot(time,Digital_signal,r,LineWidth,2); xlabel(Time (bit period)); ylabel(Amplitude); title(Original Digital Signal); axis([0 time(end) -0. 5 1. 5]); grid on; CHAPTER-6 OUTPUT VERIFICATION 6. 1: OUTPUT OF FSK MODULATOR: 6. 2: OUTPUT OF FSK DEMODULATOR CHAPTER-7 CONCLUSION AND REFERENCE 7. 1 CONCLUSION: A modem and antenna that transmits and receives over the air. Wireless modems support several technologies, including 802. 11, Bluetooth, CDPD, DataTAC, Mobitex and Ricochet. There are wireless modems for laptops, handhelds and cellphones. Except for a few analog cellphone models, you cannot plug your cellphone into your laptops land-based modem even if the cable fits. You generally need a wireless modem on a PC card and a cable designed for your type of phone. Industrial wireless transmission has arrived providing clear and significant advantages. Nevertheless, security is always an important issue and a question often asked is, Will information be secure when broadcast via Data-Linc Group wireless modems? The answer can be found in understanding the technologies employed in these products and, to that end, this paper will provide the understanding needed.